Study on the Comparison of Three Typical Gas Flow Standards for Calibrating Low Gas Flowmeter

A gas flowmeter for measuring low flow rate has been widely used in the field of medical, health, environmental protection, energy industry, aerospace, etc. To against Covid-2019, the requirement on the low flow rate has been increasing dramatically. At present, the typical standard devices for calibrating low gas flowmeter mainly include standard bell provers of gas flow, standard piston provers of low gas flow and standard laminar of low gas flow. Different measuring principles are adopted among these typical standard devices. To ensure the consistency of these typical standard devices, a comparison test is performed. The standard devices used in the comparison are of the same accuracy grade, with an extended uncertainty of 0.2%(k=2). The piston-type gas flow calibrator of grade 1.0 is selected as the transfer standard, and three flow points with high flow rate, medium flow rate and low flow rate are selected for test. The consistency of measurement results is evaluated by normalized deviation En. The comparison results are acceptable which show that three typical standard devices are accurate and reliable. © FLOMEKO 2022.All rights reserved

Retrospective analysis of clinical characteristics and outcomes of coronavirus disease 2019 critically ill patients with or without vascular calcification

Aim To analyze the differences in clinical characteristics and outcomes of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) critically ill patients with or without vascular calcification. Methods COVID-19 critically ill patients admitted to the intensive care unit of Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology in February 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. According to the chest CT findings, the patients were divided into vascular calcification group and non-vascular calcification group. The vascular calcification group was further divided into aortic calcification group, coronary calcification group and simultaneous calcification group (both aorta and coronary artery calcification). The clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients were compared in different groups. Results Compared with the non-vascular calcification group, the patients in the vascular calcification group were older and had a higher proportion of hypertension and coronary heart disease, which showed higher levels of leukocyte count, neutro-phil count, C-reactive protein, globulin, lactate dehydrogenase, international normalized ratio, D-dimer, creatinine, crea-tine kinase-MB, high-sensitivity cardiac troponin, myohemoglobin and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide, lower levels of lymphocyte count, platelet count, albumin, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and higher risk of death. Compared with aortic calcification group, the outcomes of coronary calcification group and simultaneous calcification group were worse. Conclusion Vascular calcification, especially coronary artery calcification, may be a risk factor for poor prognosis in COVID-19 critically ill patients. © 2022, Editorial Office of Chinese Journal of Arteriosclerosis. All rights reserved.

Effect of an Internet-based Intervention on Motor Behavior in Patients after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Background During the containment of COVID-19，the traditional face-to-face interventions conducted at the rehabilitation center were plagued by many limitations，while internet-based interventions can overcome the limitations of geographic location，working hours and transportation，with less medical costs. Objective To examine the effects of internet-based interventions on knowledge，attitude/belief and practice（KAP） toward rehabilitation exercises，physical activity（PA）level，and exercise compliance inpatients after PCI. Methods The subjects were 76 patients who received their first PCI in Department of Cardiology，Tangshan Gongren Hospital from November 2021 to June 2022. They were randomly and equally divided into two groups to receive either internet-based intervention with routine nursing（experimental group） or routine nursing （control group）. Before and three months after the intervention，the Rehabilitation Exercise Knowledge-Belief-Practice Scale for Patients with Coronary Heart Disease（REKBPCHD），the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form （IPAQ-SF），and Patients' Exercise Log were used to assess the KAP level，PA level，and exercise adherence，respectively. The impact of network intervention on exercise adherence in patients after PCI by univariate Logistic regression analysis. Results After 3 months of intervention，a significant increase was found in the average total score of REKBPCHD，and the average scores of the knowledge dimension，attitude dimension and practice dimension of the scale in the experimental group（P<0.05），and the increase was more notable than that in the control group（P<0.05）. Moreover，both post-intervention low PA level and total PA level in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group（P<0.05）. Both post-intervention low PA level and total PA level were higher than the baseline levels in the experimental group（P<0.05）. The post-intervention exercise compliance of experimental group were higher than that in the control group（P=0.003）. Univariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of non-adherence to exercise in the experimental group was relatively lower than that in the control group 〔OR=0.143，95%CI（0.034，0.594），P=0.007〕. Conclusion Theinternet-based intervention can effectively improve the KAP level toward rehabilitation，PA level，and exercise adherence in patients after PCI. © 2023 Chinese General Practice. All rights reserved.

International Residents' Perspectives on Education and Challenges in Microsurgery Training

Objective Microsurgery remains an integral component of the surgical skillset and is essential for a diversity of reconstructive procedures. The apprenticeship also requires overcoming a steep learning curve, among many challenges. The method of microsurgical training differs depending on the countries' regions and resources of their health care system. Methods The Journal of Hand and Microsurgery leadership held an international webinar on June 19, 2021, consisting of a panel of residents from 10 countries and moderated by eminent panelists. This inaugural event aimed to share different experiences of microsurgery training on a global scale, identifying challenges to accessing and delivering training. Results Residents shared various structures and modes of microsurgical education worldwide. Areas of discussion also included microsurgical laboratory training, simulation training, knowledge sharing, burnout among trainees, and challenges for female residents in microsurgical training. Conclusion Microsurgical proficiency is attained through deliberate and continued practice, and there is a strong emphasis globally on training and guidance. However, much remains to be done to improve microsurgical training and start acting on the various challenges raised by residents.Copyright © 2022. Society of Indian Hand & Microsurgeons. All rights reserved.

Progress in Epidemiology of Tuberculosis in China

9870 thousand people develop tuberculosis (TB) in 2020. Despite being a preventable as well as curable communicable disease, tuberculosis still is the leading communicable disease killer globally. The WHO's End TB Strategy envisions a world free of TB, zero deaths, disease, and suffering due to tuberculosis by 2035. China ranks second for TB cases globally. Over the past 20 years, China has made remarkable achievements in tuberculosis control, with the prevalence and mortality rate of tuberculosis reduced by half compared with 1990. China has achieved the United Nations Millennium Development Goals on tuberculosis control 5 years ahead of schedule. However, in spite of concerted international, regional, and national efforts to address tuberculosis in China, the tuberculosis burden in China is still high. At the same time, China also faces problems such as the high burden of latent TB infection, rifampicin-resistant/ multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, and low detection rate of tuberculosis. China needs to further improve the quality of tuberculosis control work to reduce the incidence of tuberculosis and ultimately achieve the goal of ending tuberculosis. © People's Medical Publishing House, PR of China 2022.

A Hybrid Model of Deep Learning Features and Clinical Features for Severe Cases Predication of COVID-19

COVID-19 has spread around the world since 2019. Approximately 6.5% of COVID-19 a risk of developing severe disease with high mortality rate. To reduce the mortality rate and provide appropriate treatment, this research established an integrated models with to predict the clinical outcome of COVID-19 patients with clinical, deep learning and radiomics features. To obtain the optimal feature combination for prediction, 9 clinical features combination was selected from all available clinical factors after using LASSO, 18 deep learning features from U-Net architecture, and 9 radiomics features from segmentation result. A total of 213 COVID-19 patients and 335 non-COVID-19 patients from 5 hospitals were enrolled and used as training and test sample in this research. The proposed model obtained an accuracy, precision, recall, specificity, F1-score and ROC curve of 0.971, 0.943, 0.937, 0.974, 0.941 and 0.979, respectively, which exceeds the related work using only clinical, deep learning or radiomics factors. © 2023 SPIE.

The development of Taiwanese non-profit food banks during the world pandemic: Crisis and opportunities

The world has been affected badly by Covid-19 in 2020. Taiwan, fortunately, has not been that badly affected by the virus. However, there are questions surrounding how the pandemic has impacted Taiwanese food banks so far and whether Taiwanese food banks have experienced any crisis caused by the pandemic or gained momentum owing to the relatively safer circumstances. Based on practices, interviews, and questionnaires, this research aims to answer them. The results show most food banks were more or less impacted by the coronavirus between February and early May. The majority of food banks reported an increase in the recipients of their help and did not report a shortage of volunteers. In 2020, more food banks have been established and many existing food banks have expanded their services. Food Banking is gaining popularity and recognition in Taiwan. © 2023 Author(s).

Design of upper limb rehabilitation evaluation system based on deep learning

The topic of non-contact diagnosis became a hot topic during COVID-19 and online consultation gained popularity. In this research, a deep learning-based autonomous limb evaluation system is developed for online consultation and remote rehabilitation training for people with physical limitations. Its main goal is to collect and analyze information about limb states. The patient can evaluate the limb state at home using the mobile app, and the doctor can view the data and connect with the patient via the web's chat module to offer diagnostic opinions. Deep learning is used for the Start/End Attitude Determination Model and OpenCV for the limb and hand evaluation model, with the results being uploaded to the server. © The Authors. Published under a Creative Commons Attribution CC-BY 3.0 License.

The Effects of Information Layout, Display Mode, and Gender Difference on the User Interface Design of Mobile Shopping Applications

Online shopping has revolutionized our daily lives in the modern era. We can purchase needed goods on mobile shopping applications (apps) anytime and anywhere without leaving home. Especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, we have become increasingly dependent on various mobile shopping activities. However, the visual design of the shopping app interface often affects the user's interactive experience and the efficiency of browsing product information. In addition, gender differences are also worth being considered in the shopping interface design process. To achieve the goal, the research conducted a user study (N=40) of a 2× 2 x 2 mixed factorial design (i.e., information layout x display mode x gender difference). Each participant performed four tasks during the experiment. The authors measured the task completion time, collected the subjective responses from the SUS and the 7-point Likert scale questionnaire, and interviewed participants. The results revealed that: (1) females perform faster in lighter mode when searching for information location, while males perform faster in darker mode. (2) The information layout affects the user's visual search performance and subjective evaluation;females prefer the list style, but men prefer the matrix style. (3) Participants (both males and females) perceived matrix style as more popular than list style in dark mode;however, the result was reversed in light mode. The findings generated from the research can serve as a good reference for the development of user experience in the user interface design of mobile shopping apps. © 2013 IEEE.

Continuous Eligibility And Coverage Policies Expanded Children's Medicaid Enrollment.

We examined children's Medicaid participation during 2019-21 and found that as of March 2021, states newly adopting continuous Medicaid coverage for children during the COVID-19 pandemic experienced a 4.62 percent relative increase in children's Medicaid participation compared to states with previous continuous eligibility policies.

[Clinical characteristics and short-term prognosis of 22 cases with SARS-CoV-2 infection associated acute encephalopathy].

Objective: To investigate the clinical features and short-term prognosis of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection associated acute encephalopathy (AE). Methods: Retrospective cohort study. The clinical data, radiological features and short-term follow-up of 22 cases diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection associated AE in the Department of Neurology, Beijing Children's Hospital from December 2022 to January 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into cytokine storm group, excitotoxic brain damage group and unclassified encephalopathy group according to the the clinicopathological features and the imaging features. The clinical characteristics of each group were analyzed descriptively. Patients were divided into good prognosis group (≤2 scores) and poor prognosis group (>2 scores) based on the modified Rankin scale (mRS) score of the last follow-up. Fisher exact test or Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the two groups. Results: A total of 22 cases (12 females, 10 males) were included. The age of onset was 3.3 (1.7, 8.6) years. There were 11 cases (50%) with abnormal medical history, and 4 cases with abnormal family history. All the enrolled patients had fever as the initial clinical symptom, and 21 cases (95%) developed neurological symptoms within 24 hours after fever. The onset of neurological symptoms included convulsions (17 cases) and disturbance of consciousness (5 cases). There were 22 cases of encephalopathy, 20 cases of convulsions, 14 cases of speech disorders, 8 cases of involuntary movements and 3 cases of ataxia during the course of the disease. Clinical classification included 3 cases in the cytokine storm group, all with acute necrotizing encephalopathy (ANE); 9 cases in the excitotoxicity group, 8 cases with acute encephalopathy with biphasic seizures and late reduced diffusion (AESD) and 1 case with hemiconvulsion-hemiplegia syndrome; and 10 cases of unclassified encephalopathy. Laboratory studies revealed elevated glutathione transaminase in 9 cases, elevated glutamic alanine transaminase in 4 cases, elevated blood glucose in 3 cases, and elevated D-dimer in 3 cases. Serum ferritin was elevated in 3 of 5 cases, serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) neurofilament light chain protein was elevated in 5 of 9 cases, serum cytokines were elevated in 7 of 18 cases, and CSF cytokines were elevated in 7 of 8 cases. Cranial imaging abnormalities were noted in 18 cases, including bilateral symmetric lesions in 3 ANE cases and "bright tree appearance" in 8 AESD cases. All 22 cases received symptomatic treatment and immunotherapy (intravenous immunoglobulin or glucocorticosteroids), and 1 ANE patient received tocilizumab. The follow-up time was 50 (43, 53) d, and 10 patients had a good prognosis and 12 patients had a poor prognosis. No statistically significant differences were found between the two groups in terms of epidemiology, clinical manifestations, biochemical indices, and duration of illness to initiate immunotherapy (all P>0.05). Conclusions: SARS-CoV-2 infection is also a major cause of AE. AESD and ANE are the common AE syndromes. Therefore, it is crucial to identify AE patients with fever, convulsions, and impaired consciousness, and apply aggressive therapy as early as possible.

Understanding occupancy pattern of university libraries in the post-pandemic era

Understanding indoor occupancy patterns is crucial for energy model calibration, efficient operations of fresh air systems, and COVID-19 exposure risk assessment. University libraries, as one of centers of campus life, due to the high mobility and "foot-voting” nature of them, i.e., occupants pick seats in the micro-environments they prefer, provide a non-intrusive opportunity to carry out post-occupancy evaluations. We conducted a long-term online monitoring of occupancy in libraries of a university in China by web-crawling the online seat reservation system, based on which, we constructed two sets of databases consisting of around 70 million records of nearly 3, 000 seats in 4 library sections, with seat-level resolution and sampling frequency up to every 10 seconds. The informative data set depicts not only the overall spatio-temporal occupancy patterns, but also nuances hidden within seats and visits. The daily flow of the main libraries exceeded two visits per seat. Half of the visitors stayed at the libraries for 3-6 hours during a single occupancy. Semester schedules and campus accessibility together influence students' decisions on when and which library to go, while even within the same zone, some seats were always more popular than their neighbours. "Semi-isolation” is one of the candidate attractive features proposed to understand the underlying patterns. © 2022 17th International Conference on Indoor Air Quality and Climate, INDOOR AIR 2022. All rights reserved.

Taiwan's national strategies and actions toward HCV elimination before 2025

In 1990, the seroprevalence of antibody against hepatitis C virus (anti- HCV) in Taiwan was first documented to be 0.95% in volunteer blood donors, 90% in hemophiliacs, and 81% in parenteral drug abusers. The risk factors for HCV infection in Taiwan include iatrogenic transmission (medical injection, hemodialysis, acupuncture, and blood transfusion), tattooing, and sexual transmission. The long-term risk of hepatic and non-hepatic diseases has been well-documented by REVEL-HCV study. A national program of antiviral therapy for chronic viral hepatitis was launched in Taiwan in 2003. Mortality rates of end-stage liver diseases decreased continuously from 2000-2003 to 2008-2011 in all age and gender groups. When the World Health Assembly adopted the Global Health Sector Strategy on Viral Hepatitis in 2016, National program to eliminate hepatitis C was very carefully evaluated. It became a consensus to reach the WHO's 2030 goals in 2025. Taiwan Hepatitis C Policy Guideline 2018-2025 was approved and published at the beginning of 2019. There are triple focuses of hepatitis C elimination in Taiwan including (1) therapy spearheads prevention, (2) screening supports therapy, and (3) prevention secures outcome. A total of US$1.7 billion will be allocated from 2017 to 2025 for the elimination of HCV. The coverage of HCV screening and treatment has been increasing significantly since 2017. The HCV screening coverage was almost 100% for dialytic patients, 96% for HIV-infected patients, 65% for patients under opioid substitution treatment, 63% for patients in the pre-end-stage renal disease care program, 57% for patients in the early chronic kidney disease care program, 52% for patients in diabetes care program, 39% for prisoners, and 38% for adults aged 45-79 years old in the general population by April 30, 2020. The budget to cover the cost of DAA increased from US$101 million in 2017 to US$219 million in 2019. The number of chronic hepatitis C patients receiving DAA therapy increased from 9,538 in 2017, 19,549 in 2018, to 45,806 in 2019. However, the number of DAA-treated CHC patients reduced to 36,159 in 2020 and 20,559 in 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The cure rate based on SVR12 was 96.8% in 2017, 97.4% in 2018, over 98.6% after 2019. It is expected that Taiwan will achieve WHO's HCV elimination goal by 2025.

Clinical characteristics of 654 patients with COVID-19 in Dongxihu Shelter Hospital in Wuhan

Objective To analyze the clinical features of patients with coronavirus disease 2019COVID-19in Wuhan, and we provide reference for further prevention and control of the disease. Methods We collected the clinical data of patients with COVID-19 in Dongxihu Shelter Hospital of Wuhan from February 7 to March 6, 2020. The main symptoms, blood test results, lung CT results, and nucleic acid negative conversion were analyzed. Results A total of 654 patients were included, 17526.76%were mild, and 47973.24%were general. There were 344 males (52.60%), and 310 females (47.40%). The patients were with a mean age of49.36+/-10.30years, and 97 patients (14.83%) with a history of hypertension, 51 patients (7.80%) had a history of diabetes. The main clinical symptoms were fever with 547(83.64%) patients, 186 cases (28.44%) had chills, 15 cases (2.29%) had shiver, 342(52.29%) had fatigue symptoms, 413(63.15%) had cough, 137(20.95%) had chest tightness, and 109(16.67%) had diarrhea during the course of the disease. Blood routine tests of 395 patients, the white blood cell count (WBC) was (4.12+/-1.46)x109/L. The total white blood cell count was normal in 378 cases(95.70%), increased in 7(1.77%), and decreased in 10(2.53%). The lymphocyte percentage was (23.10+/-10.02)%, lymphocyte1.06+/-0.37x109/L. The percentage and count of lymphocyte were low. All the 654 cases were examined by CT, 175 cases (26.76%) showed normal lung CT, 422 cases (64.52%) showed patchy or segmental ground-glass opacity, and 57 cases (8.72%) showed multilobar consolidation, ground-glass shadow coexisted with consolidation or streak shadow. The interval between positive nucleic acid test before admission and negative test after admission was as short as 5 days and as long as 24 days, the average was (12.35+/-3.73) days. Conclusion Fever, coughing, and fatigue are the main symptoms in patients with COVID-19. The typical lung CT findings can be used as the basis for clinical diagnosis and disease evaluation. Patients with mild and common type had better prognosis.Copyright © 2021 Editorial Office of Chinese Journal of Schistosomiasis Control. All rights reserved.

Telemedicine Here to Stay? Key Indicators to Patient Satisfaction

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: The COVID-19 pandemic initiated rapid widespread utilization of telemedicine affecting all health care providers, including those in pediatric urology. Understanding the factors of patient and parent satisfaction can aid in health care delivery. The aim of this study was to identify key indicators of patient and parent satisfaction with pediatric urology telemedicine visits. METHOD(S): We conducted a prospective cross-sectional survey of all patients evaluated with a telehealth visit from October 2021 - April 2022. We included all consecutive patients aged 0-18 years who received an outpatient pediatric urology telehealth visit. All patients received an 8-question patient/parent reported outcome (PRO) survey via email within 30 days of the visit, including 5 satisfaction questions regarding various aspects of telemedicine rated on a scale of 1-5. Statistical analysis was performed using Pearson correlation, Mann- Whitney U, and Chi Squared tests, with p<0.05 considered significant. RESULT(S): A total of 1213 patients completed a telehealth visit, of which 83 (7%) completed the PRO survey. Visit type included 40 (48%) post-operative, 29 (35%) follow-up, and 14 (17%) new consults. From the survey responses, 84% reported time savings, 31% reported money savings, 30% avoided time away from work, and 27% of children avoided missing school. No technical issues were experienced in 86% of the visits. Satisfaction with telehealth was highest for the post-operative patient, 4.8/5 after orchiopexy and 4.4/5 after circumcision. Patients saved a median travel distance of 22 miles [IQR: 15-41]. Patients living farther than 22 miles had higher satisfaction scores in terms of simplicity and preference to in-person visits compared to those who lived closer (p=0.019). Patients living in zip codes below the median household income had significantly higher satisfaction scores (p =0.032). Patients with public health insurance had significantly higher overall satisfaction scores compared to those with private health insurance (p=0.022). There was no difference in satisfaction based on parent age or whether the patient was evaluated for a new, follow-up, or post-operative video visit. CONCLUSION(S): Children and their caregivers were satisfied with pediatric urology telehealth visits when seen as a new, follow-up, or post-operative patient. Indicators for satisfaction may include long travel distance to the clinic, lower than median household income zip codes, and public health insurance. Appropriate use of telehealth may provide better access to care and optimize healthcare delivery.

Telemedicine for Pediatric Urological Care during the Covid-19 Pandemic

Purpose of Study: We hypothesize that patient and parent satisfaction of telemedicine is influenced by patient key indicators. By delineating these key indicators, we can strategically utilize video visits in a way that maximizes patient satisfaction, while maintaining high quality care. The aim of this study is to reveal which key indicators are predictive of patient and parent satisfaction with video visits. Methods Used: We performed a retrospective review of all patients and parents who were evaluated via video visit for Loma Linda University Pediatric Urology from October 2021 - April 2022. All patients received an 8-question validated satisfaction survey via email within 30 days of the visit. Patient demographics, clinical data, and survey responses were collected. We analyzed all patients who completed a telemedicine visit and the post-visit survey. Exclusion criteria included incomplete survey responses. Primary outcomes include high satisfaction scores on survey questions. Univariate analysis was conducted for indicators of patient and parent satisfaction using Pearson correlation, Mann-Whitney U, and Chi Squared, with clinical significance defined as p value < 0.05 using SPSS. Summary of Results: A total of 1213 patients had video visits from October 2021 - April 2022. Of those who completed a video visit, 83 patients (7%) completed the satisfaction survey. Of those who completed the survey, 40 (48%) were post-operative visits, 29 (35%) were follow-up visits, and 14 (17%) were new visits. Families said telemedicine saved them time (84%), saved them money (31%), allowed them to avoid time away from work (30%), allowed their child to avoid missing school (27%), and that they did not experience any technical issues (86%). Mean overall satisfaction score (1-5) was 4.36 for post-op circumcision patients and 4.80 for post-op orchiopexy patients. Median travel distance saved by performing a video visit was 22 miles (IQR 15 - 41 miles). Compared to those who lived closer, patients who lived farther than 22 miles from the clinic had significantly higher satisfaction scores for Q3 (p < 0.019) and Q4 (p < 0.049) [reference Table]. Compared to higher household incomes based on zip code, patients with lower than median household income of $64,384 had significantly higher satisfaction scores for Q1 (p < 0.032), Q3 (p < 0.039), and Q4 (p < 0.040). Patients with public insurance had significantly higher satisfaction scores compared to those with private insurance for Q1 (4.68 vs 4.15, p < 0.022), Q2 (4.90 vs 4.64, p < 0.018), and Q3 (4.82 vs 4.58, p < 0.050). Median parent age was 40 (IQR 32.4 - 42.2 years). There was no difference in satisfaction based on visit type or parent age. Conclusion(s): Overall, patients and parents in pediatric urology are satisfied with video visits across visit type and diagnosis. Patients who live farther away from the office, live in zip codes with lower median household incomes, or have public insurance seem to be more satisfied with video visits. (Table Presented).

Study on the risk signal mining related to lopinavir/ritonavir based on the US FDA Adverse Event Reporting System.

Objective: To explore the clinical safety of lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) by mining the risk signals of adverse events (AEs) related to LPV/r for the safe application of the drug in the treatment of novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19). Method(s): The risk signals related to LPV/r in AE reports of US FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) from the first quarter of 2010 to the third quarter of 2019 were mined by reporting odds ratio (ROR). An AE with reports more than 3 and 95% confidence interval (CI) lower limit of ROR greater than 1 was defined as a positive signal. AEs were counted and classified using the preferred system organ class (SOC) and preferred term (PT) of Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities (MedDRA). The PTs of top 50 adverse event reports and signal strength were selected and analyzed. Result(s): From the first quarter of 2010 to the third quarter of 2019, a total of 13 335 AE reports with LPV/r as the primary suspicious drug were reported in the FAERS database. Four hundred and fifty-five AE risk signals with reports more than 3 and the 95%CI lower limit of ROR greater than 1 were detected, involving 7 718 AE reports. The top 2 system organs involved in AE reports were "injury, poisoning and procedural complications" [13.6% (1 051/7 718)] and "pregnancy, puerperium and perinatal conditions" [11.7% (899/7 718)]. However, 998 (95.0%) of 1051 AE reports involved in "injury, poisoning and procedural complications" were related to drug exposure during pregnancy. The system organ with the highest signals was "congenital, familial and genetic disorders" [16.3% (74/455)]. In addition, 144 AEs caused by drug interactions were detected, which ranked the 7th in the AE reports. Conclusion(s): The risk signals of fetal, neonatal and infant abnormalities related to LPV/r during pregnancy were detected, suggesting that attention should be paid to the risk of using LPV/r in pregnant women and infants. The interaction between LPV/r and other drugs was also worthy of attention.Copyright © 2020 by the Chinese Medical Association.

Discrepancies in the portrayal of the COVID-19 vaccine in Chinese and US international media outlets: A corpus-based discursive news values analysis

This article compares the discursive construction of news values in English news reporting of China Daily and CNN about the COVID-19 vaccine, to reveal how the two media packaged the vaccine and improved the acceptance of the international community towards the vaccines made in the respective countries. Adopting corpus linguistic methods and Discursive news values analysis (DNVA) framework, this study examines news values through keywords, nomination strategies, and photographs. The results show that the two media outlets constructed the news value of Eliteness dominantly through a systematic combination of words and images, albeit in different ways. China Daily prominently consists of references to China's international communications in the production and application of the COVID-19 vaccine, at the same time packaging the COVID-19 vaccine as foreign aid to enhance diplomatic relations as well as protect and promote the order of the international community. In contrast, CNN chiefly demonstrates references to domestic medical experts and the well-known manufacturers of the COVID-19 vaccine, packaging the COVID-19 vaccine as the US' medical/commercial product. The respective ways in which they portray the COVID-19 vaccine have helped to bolster the acceptance of each country's vaccine by the international community.Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.